Agroforestry has emerged as a fundamental strategy for sustainable land management and climate resilience, integrating trees with crops and livestock to enhance ecological and socioeconomic outcomes. This literature review examines the role of agroforestry in improving soil health, biodiversity, water management, and crop productivity while mitigating climate change through carbon sequestration. Key agroforestry systems, such as agrosilviculture, agrosilvopastoral, silvopastoral systems, and specialized systems, are explored for their benefits, including nitrogen fixation, erosion control, and microclimate regulation. Despite these advantages, challenges like policy gaps, land tenure insecurity, financial constraints, and limited technical knowledge hinder widespread adoption, particularly in Zambia. The study underscores the need for interdisciplinary research, policy integration, and capacity-building to scale up agroforestry practices. By addressing these barriers, agroforestry can significantly contribute to sustainable agriculture, food security, and climate adaptation, offering a resilient pathway for future land-use systems.